VLC media player
VLC media player
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VLC media player (commonly known as VLC) is a portable, free and open-source, cross-platform media player andstreaming media server written by the VideoLAN project. VLC is available for desktop operating systems and mobile platforms, such as Windows 10 Mobile, Windows Phone, Android, Tizen, iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch. VLC is also available on App stores such as Apple’s App Store and Microsoft Windows Windows Store.
VLC media player supports many audio and video compression methods and file formats, including DVD-Video, video CD and streaming protocols. It is able to stream media over computer networks and to transcode multimedia files.[10]
The default distribution of VLC includes a large number of free decoding and encoding libraries, avoiding the need for finding/calibrating proprietary plugins. The libavcodec library from the FFmpeg project provides many of VLC’s codecs, but the player mainly uses its own muxers, and demuxers. It also has its own protocol implementations. It also gained distinction as the first player to support playback of encrypted DVDs on Linux and macOS by using the libdvdcss DVD decryption library.
History[edit]
The VideoLan software originated as an academic project in 1996. VLC used to stand for “VideoLAN Client” when VLC was a client of the VideoLAN project. But since VLC is no longer merely a client, that initialism no longer applies.[11][12]
It was intended to consist of a client and server to stream videos from satellite dishes across a campus network. Originally developed by students at the École Centrale Paris, it is now developed by contributors worldwide and is coordinated byVideoLAN, a non-profit organization.
Rewritten from scratch in 1998, it was released under GNU General Public License on 1 February 2001, with authorization from the headmaster of the École Centrale Paris. The functionality of the server program, VideoLan Server (VLS), has mostly been subsumed into VLC and has been deprecated.[13] The project name has been changed to VLC media player because there is no longer a client/server infrastructure.
The cone icon used in VLC is a reference to the traffic cones collected by École Centrale’s Networking Students’ Association.[14] The cone icon design was changed from a hand drawn low resolution icon[15] to a higher resolution CGI-rendered version in 2006, illustrated by Richard Øiestad.[16]
In 2007 the VLC project decided for license compatibility reasons to not upgrade to the just released GPLv3.[17]
After 13 years of development, version 1.0.0 of VLC media player was released on 7 July 2009.[18]
Work began on VLC for Android in 2010 and it is available for Android devices on the Google Play store since 2011.[19][20]
In September 2010 a company named “Applidium” developed with endorsement of the VLC project for iOS a VLC port under GPLv2, which was accepted by Apple for their App store.[21][22] In January 2011, after VLC developer Rémi Denis-Courmont’s complaint to Apple about the licensing conflict between the VLC’s GPLv2 and the App store’s policies,[23] the VLC had been withdrawn from the Apple App Store by Apple.[24] Following, the VLC authors began to relicense in October 2011 the engine parts of VLC from the GPLv2 to the LGPLv2 to achieve better license compatibility, for instance with the Apple App Store.[25][26][27][28] In July 2013 the VLC application could then resubmitted to the iOS App Store under the Mozilla Public License.[29]
Version 2.0.0 of VLC media player was released on February 18, 2012.[9][30]
As of 2016 VLC is third in the sourceforge.net overall download count;[31] more than 2 billion downloads have occurred.[32]
A version for the Windows Store was released on 13 March 2014. Support for Windows RT, Windows Phone and Xbox One were later added.[33]
Design principles[edit]
Modular design[edit]
VLC, like most multimedia frameworks, has a very modular design which makes it easier to include modules/plugins for new file formats, codecs, interfaces, or streaming methods. VLC 1.0.0 has more than 380 modules.[34]
The VLC core creates its own graph of modules dynamically, depending on the situation: input protocol, input file format, input codec, video card capabilities and other parameters. In VLC, almost everything is a module, like interfaces, video and audio outputs, controls, scalers, codecs, and audio/video filters.
The default GUI is based on Be API on BeOS, Cocoa for macOS, and Qt 4 for Linux and Windows, but all give a similar standard interface. The old default GUI was based on wxWidgets on GNU/Linux and Windows.[35] VLC supports highly customizable skins through the skins2 interface,[36] and also supports Winamp 2 and XMMS skins.[37] Skins are not supported in the macOS implementation of VLC.[38]
VLC has ncurses,[39] remote control,[40] and telnet[41] console interfaces. There is also an HTTP[42] interface, as well as interfaces for mouse gestures and keyboard hotkeys.
Features[edit]
Because VLC is a packet-based media player it plays almost all video content. It can play some, even if they’re damaged, incomplete, or unfinished, such as files that are still downloading via a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. It also plays m2t MPEG transport streams (.TS) files while they are still being digitized from an HDV camera via a FireWire cable, making it possible to monitor the video as it is being played. The player can also use libcdio to access .iso files so that users can play files on a disk image, even if the user’s operating system cannot work directly with .iso images.
VLC supports all audio and video formats supported by libavcodec and libavformat. This means that VLC can play back H.264 or MPEG-4 Part 2 video as well as support FLV orMXF file formats “out of the box” using FFmpeg’s libraries. Alternatively, VLC has modules for codecs that are not based on FFmpeg’s libraries. VLC is one of the free softwareDVD players that ignores DVD region coding on RPC-1 firmware drives, making it a region-free player. However, it does not do the same on RPC-2 firmware drives, as in these cases the region coding is enforced by the drive itself, however, it can still brute-force the CSS encryption to play a foreign-region DVD on an RPC-2 drive. VLC media player has some filters that can distort, rotate, split, deinterlace, and mirror videos as well as create display walls or add a logo overlay. It can also output video as ASCII art.
VLC media player can play high definition recordings of D-VHS tapes duplicated to a computer using CapDVHS.exe. This offers another way to archive all D-VHS tapes with the DRM copy freely tag. Using a FireWire connection from cable boxes to computers, VLC can stream live, unencrypted content to a monitor or HDTV. VLC media player can display the playing video as the desktop wallpaper, like Windows DreamScene, by using DirectX, only available on Windows operating systems. VLC media player can create screencastsand record the desktop. On Microsoft Windows, VLC also supports the Direct Media Object (DMO) framework and can thus make use of some third-party DLLs. On most platforms, VLC can tune into and view DVB-C, DVB-T, and DVB-S channels. On macOS the separate EyeTV plugin is required, on Windows it requires the card’s BDA Drivers.
VLC can be installed or run directly from a USB flash drive or other external drive. VLC can be extended through scripting; it uses the Lua scripting language.[44][45] VLC can play videos in the AVCHD format, a highly compressed format used in recent HD camcorders. VLC can generate a number of music visualization displays. The program is able to convert media files into various supported formats.[46]
Operating system compatibility[edit]
VLC media player is a cross-platform media player, with versions for Android, BeOS, BSD, iOS, Linux, macOS, OS/2, QNX, Solaris, Syllable, and Windows.[6] However, forward and backward compatibility between versions of VLC media player and different versions of OS are not maintained over more than a couple or so generations.[47] 64-bit builds are available, and an experimental version is available for 64-bit Windows.[48]
Windows 8 and 10 support[edit]
The VLC port for Windows 8 and Windows 10 is backed by a crowdfunding campaign on Kickstarter to add support for a new GUI based on Microsoft’s Metro design language, that will run on the Windows Runtime. It brings support for DVDs, VCDs, and unencrypted Blu-ray Discs, none of which are supported natively in Windows 8 and 10. All the existing features including video filters, subtitle support and an equalizer are present in Windows 8.[49]
A beta version of VLC for Windows 8 was released to the Microsoft Store on March 13, 2014.[50]
A universal app was created for Windows 8, 8.1, 10, Windows Phone 8, 8.1 and Windows 10 Mobile
